Apparatus for heating cars and similar structures



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H. M. YOUNG.

APPARATUS PoR HEATING GARS AND SIMILAR STRUCTURES.

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HENRY MASON YOUNG, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

APPARATUS FOR HEATING CARS AND SIMILAR STRUCTURES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 373,575, dated November22, 1887.

Application led Octolr r 4, 1&7. Serial No. 251,435.

To @ZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY MASON YOUNG, a citizen of the United States,residing at Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State ofMinnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inApparat-us for Heating Cars and Similar Structures, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for heating cars and similarstructures; and it consists in the construction and arrangement orcombination of parts hereinafter disclosed in the description, drawings,and claims.

The object of my invention is to provide an apparatus for heating carsand other similar structures, which is simple in construction, easilyapplied, readily operated, not liable to get out of order, and cheaplymanufactured.

The invention may be employed in heating railroad cars or coaches, andunder some circumstances in heating buildings; but it is moreparticularly applicable to the heating` of street-cars, and for thepurpose of illustration I have shown it in the drawings as applied tothe latter.

Figure 1 represents a cross-sectional view of the lower part of the bodyof a street car with my improved apparatus con nected thereto, Fig. 2, asectional view of a portion of the car on the line x x of Fig. l; andFig. 3, a detail plan view of the non-heat-conducting casing, showingthe arrangement of the piping which may be used therein.

A A represent the sides, A the floor, and A* A5 the seats, of the car,constructed in the ordinary manner.

Beneath the floor A3, and extending across the full Width of the car, issecured a hot-air chamber or casing, B, the walls thereof being madedouble, so as to form a dead-air space, a, whereby the walls of saidcasing are rendered non-heat-conducting, so as to protect its contentsfrom the cold air. i

Connected to and opening into the bottom of the hot-air casing B is acasing or shell, C, having its lower end open. Inside of this (Nomodel.)

them from finding their way into the interior ofthe car. These casiugsor shells are so arranged with respect to each other as to leave anannular air-passage between them; also, the inner shell, D, is openinteriorly from bottom to top, so as to atiord free circulation of airwithin the same, and thus supply the necessary amount of air to theburner. This construction of the inner shell I regard of specialimportance, inasmuch as a more copious supply of fresh air is requiredfor gas or hydrocarbon burners than for stoves or grates burning wood,coal. and similar fuel; also, said inner shell contains a large interiorsurface, outside of which the intiowing air passes in entering the spacebetween the same and the outer shell and becomes thoroughly or highlyheated. \Vithin the inner shell, D, is Suspended a generator or heater,D, connected to piping E, which is arranged in coils within the casingB, as shown more plainly in Fig. 3.

The form of heater or generator which I prefer to employ in connectionwith the open shell D is shown in Fig. 1 ofthe drawings, and consists oftwo drums, D' D2, connected by a double conical drum, D3, and a seriesof tubes, F. The outlet and inlet ends of the piping E are respectivelyconnected to the drums D D, so that a complete circulation of hot air ismaintained between the piping and the generator.

The form of burner which I prefer to employ to impart the necessary heatto the gen-' erator is also shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, andconsists of a hydrocarbon or other nonsmoke-produeing burner, N,arranged beneath the generator D' and within the inner casing or shell,D. This generator and hydrocarbonburner I have made the subjects 0fapplications for separate patents, led simultaneously herewith andrespectively serially numbered 251,436 and 251,433, and therefore I donot claim them specifically in the present application.

Beneath the seats A4 A5 the floor A3 has openings, as shown at G G, toconnect the spaces beneath the seats with the interior of the hot-aircasing B, so that the heated air may freely pass from said casing intothe interior of the car through the perforations c, formed in the frontsof the seats.

When the .air in the chamber B becomes heated by the radiation from thepipes E (if IOO they be used) and rises into'the spaces beneath theseats A4 A5, the cold air will at thev same time rush in between theshells C D and take its place, and, being in turn likewise I vent itfrom entering the car.

The upper portion of the inner shell, D, and other parts oftheapparatus, if found necessary, will be protected by suitablenonheatconductors, so as to prevent them from igniting the wood-workofthe car.

It is obvious that it is within lthe scope of my invention to employ thehot-air casing wlthout the piping therein. By dispensing` with saidpiping the weightof the car will be considerably lessened, which, ofcourse, is desirable. Other obvious or minor mechanical changesin theconstruction and arrangement ofthe parts of my invention can be madewithout departing from the principle thereof.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new isl. Inheating apparatus for cars and'similar structures, the combination ofthe hot air chamber having non-heat-conducting walls,and the lowerpartof a car provided with openings or connections between said hot-airchamber and its interior, with an outershell connecting the interiorofsaid chamber with the outer air, an inner shell which is open frombottom to top and placed within said outer shell, a heaterorgenerator,and a burner arranged within said inner shell'and adapted toheat the air in its passage to said hot-air chamber, substantially asdescribed.

2. In heating apparatus for cars and other structures, the combinationof the hot air chamberhavingnon-heat-conductingwalls,and the lower partofa car provided with openings or connections between said hot-airchamber and its interior, an outer shell connecting the interior of saidchamber with the outer air, an inner shell, which is open from bottom totop and placed within said outer shell, a generator or heater and aburner arranged within said inner shell adapted to heat the air in itspassage to said chamber, anda ilue connecting said inner shell with theouter air, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. A street-car or similar structure having perforated seats AA5 andspaces or chambers beneath the same, in combination with the hotairchamber B, having non-heatconducting walls and attached to the .lowerpart of said car and communicating with the chambers beneath said seats,the outer shell, C, the inner open shell, D, smaller than and placedwithin said outer shell, and a generatoror heatenand a burner arrangedwithin saidinne'rl shell and adapted to heat the air in its passage tosaid chamber, substantially as described.

4. In a heating apparatus for cars, the combination of the hot-airchamber B and the lower part of a car provided with openings betweensaid hot-air chamber and its interior, with the heat-generator D, theburner N, and the piping E, coiled within said hot-air chamber andconnected to said heat-generator, sub- Stantiallyv as and for thepurpose described.

' 5. Inheating apparatus for cars and similar structures,the combinationofthe hot-air chamber B, having non-heatconducting walls, and

' the lower part cfa car provided with openings or connections betweensaid hot-air chamber and its interior, with an outer shell,C.connect ingthe interior ofsad chamber with the outer air, an inner shell, D,smaller than and placed within said outer shell, a heater, a generator,

and piping E, coiled within said hot-air charn- HENRY MASON YOUNG.Witnesses:

C. N. WooDwARD, H. S. WEBsTER.

' IleSSCS.

